US Federal Income Tax Calculator 2025
Enter your annual income and filing status to calculate your federal income tax, FICA contributions, and estimated take-home pay for 2025.
How US Federal Income Tax Works in 2025
The United States uses a progressive federal income tax system, meaning different portions of your income are taxed at different rates. You only pay the higher rate on the income that falls within that bracket — not on your entire income.
Standard Deduction for 2025
Before calculating your tax, you subtract either the standard deduction or your itemized deductions from your gross income. For 2025, the standard deduction is $15,000 for single filers, $30,000 for married filing jointly, and $22,500 for head of household. Most taxpayers use the standard deduction as it is larger than their itemized expenses.
FICA Taxes — Social Security & Medicare
In addition to federal income tax, most employees pay FICA taxes. Social Security is 6.2% on wages up to $176,100 (the 2025 wage base). Medicare is 1.45% on all wages, plus an additional 0.9% on wages above $200,000 for single filers ($250,000 for married filing jointly).
401(k) and Pre-Tax Contributions
Contributing to a traditional 401(k) reduces your federal taxable income. For 2025, the employee contribution limit is $23,500 ($31,000 if age 50 or older). This can significantly lower your tax bill — someone in the 22% bracket who contributes $10,000 saves $2,200 in federal taxes.
Frequently Asked Questions
For 2025, single filers are taxed at 10% up to $11,925; 12% up to $48,475; 22% up to $103,350; 24% up to $197,300; 32% up to $250,525; 35% up to $626,350; and 37% above $626,350. Married filing jointly brackets are roughly double.
The 2025 standard deduction is $15,000 for single filers, $30,000 for married filing jointly, and $22,500 for head of household. Most taxpayers take the standard deduction as it exceeds their itemized deductions.
Your marginal rate is the tax rate on your last dollar of income — your highest bracket. Your effective rate is the average rate across all your income. Because the US tax system is progressive, your effective rate is always lower than your marginal rate. For example, a single filer earning $75,000 has a 22% marginal rate but typically pays an effective rate of around 13–15%.
Yes. This calculator includes FICA taxes: Social Security at 6.2% on wages up to $176,100, and Medicare at 1.45% on all wages (plus 0.9% additional Medicare tax on wages above $200,000 for single filers).
No — this calculator covers federal income tax only. State income tax varies significantly by state. Nine states have no income tax at all: Alaska, Florida, Nevada, New Hampshire, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Washington, and Wyoming.